Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR), also known as Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), is a condition where a baby does not grow at the expected rate inside the womb. It is a serious concern because it can lead to low birth weight, complications during delivery, and long-term health issues for the baby.
This blog will help you understand FGR in simple terms, its causes, how doctors diagnose it, and how you can ensure the best care for your baby. If you’re an expecting parent, knowing about FGR can help you take the right steps for a healthy pregnancy.
What is Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR)?
FGR happens when a baby’s weight is below the 10th percentile for its gestational age. This means the baby is much smaller than expected at a certain stage of pregnancy.
There are two types of FGR:
- Symmetric FGR – The baby is proportionally small due to early pregnancy issues.
- Asymmetric FGR – The baby’s body is small, but the head is normal-sized, often due to late pregnancy complications.
Causes of FGR
Several factors can lead to FGR, including:
Maternal Causes:
- High blood pressure (Preeclampsia)
- Diabetes
- Poor nutrition
- Smoking, alcohol, or drug use
- Infections (TORCH infections)
Placental Causes:
- Poor blood flow to the placenta
- Placental insufficiency
- Placental abruption (separation from the uterus)
Fetal Causes:
- Genetic conditions or chromosomal abnormalities
- Congenital disabilities
- Multiple pregnancies (twins, triplets, etc.)
How is FGR Diagnosed?
Doctors use several tests to check for FGR:
- Ultrasound Scan: Measures the baby’s size and growth over time.
- Doppler Ultrasound: Checks blood flow in the umbilical cord and placenta.
- Fetal Heart Monitoring: Monitors the baby’s heart rate and movements.
- Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI): Low amniotic fluid levels can indicate FGR.
Risk Factors for FGR
FGR is more likely if:
- The mother is underweight or malnourished.
- There is a history of previous pregnancy complications.
- The mother has high blood pressure or diabetes.
- The mother smokes, drinks alcohol, or uses drugs during pregnancy.
How is FGR Managed?
Although FGR cannot always be prevented, proper care can improve outcomes:
- Regular Monitoring: Frequent ultrasounds and Doppler scans.
- Nutritional Support: A well-balanced diet rich in protein, iron, and vitamins.
- Medications: Aspirin or blood thinners may be prescribed in certain cases.
- Bed Rest & Stress Reduction: Can improve blood flow to the baby.
- Early Delivery (if needed): In severe cases, doctors may recommend an early C-section or induced labor.
Why Choose Shukan Hospital and IVF Centre for Fetal Care?
At Shukan Hospital and IVF Centre, we offer:
- Advanced Ultrasound & Fetal Monitoring
- Expert Obstetricians & Maternal-Fetal Specialists
- Personalized Pregnancy Care Plans
- NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) for High-Risk Babies
- Suggested Image: A happy new mother holding her newborn with the caption, “Shukan Hospital – Ensuring Safe Motherhood!”
FAQ
Can FGR be treated?
There is no direct cure, but with proper care, monitoring, and lifestyle changes, the baby can continue to grow and develop well.
Is FGR dangerous for my baby?
FGR can increase the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and delivery complications. However, with expert medical care, most babies recover well.
Can I prevent FGR?
Yes! Maintaining a healthy diet, avoiding smoking/alcohol, and attending regular prenatal check-ups can lower the risk.
How often should an FGR baby be monitored?
Your doctor may recommend frequent ultrasounds and fetal monitoring to track growth and well-being.
Will my baby have problems after birth?
Most FGR babies catch up in growth after birth, but some may require NICU care initially.
Can I have a normal delivery if my baby has FGR?
Depending on the severity, your doctor will decide whether a vaginal birth or C-section is the safest option.